William Blake
was born in London, November 28, 1757. His father, James Blake, was
a London hosier. His mother's maiden name was Catherine Harmitage.
William had three brothers and a sister. His older brother took over
his father's hosiery business. His younger brothers were besaught
with tragedy. John died young. The youngest, Robert, was dear
to William, as he also had artistic leanings. He died of an illness
at the age of 21. Another brother, Richard, died in infancy.
From the years
1793 to 1800, his creative output was greater than ever. Unfortunately,
this great exertion seemed to have worn Blake out. Following numerous
dissapointments, both in the recognition of his literary and artistic works,
he entered into a stage of depression. This period, in which even
some of his close friends and acquaintances deemed him insane, lasted from
1810 to 1817.
In 1818, Blake
entered upon the last, and possibly happiest phase of his life. He
finally began to gain the recognition he deserved, and befriended many
famous English artists. Beginning in 1824, he began to suffer from
symptoms of gallstones, which eventually caused his death on August 12,
1827.
Ah! Sun-Flower
Ah, sun-flower!
weary of time,
Who countest
the steps of the Sun;
Seeking after
that sweet golden clime,
Where the
traveler's journey is done;
Where the Youth
pined away with desire,
And the pale
Virgin shrouded in snow,
Arise from
their graves, and aspire
Where my sun
- flower wishes to go.
Auguries Of
Innocence
To see a world
in a grain of sand,
And a heaven
in a wild flower,
Hold infinity
in the palm of your hand,
And eternity
in an hour.
A robin redbreast
in a cage
Puts all heaven
in a rage.
A dove - house
fill'd with doves and pigeons
Shudders hell
thro' all its regions.
A dog starv'd
at his master's gate
Predicts the
ruin of the state.
A horse misused
upon the road
Calls to heaven
for human blood.
Each outcry
of the hunted hare
A fibre from
the brain does tear.
A skylark
wounded in the wing,
A cherubim
does cease to sing.
The game -
cock clipt and arm'd for fight
Does the rising
sun affright.
Every wolf's
and lion's howl
Raises from
hell a human soul.
The wild deer,
wand'ring here and there,
Keeps the
human soul from care.
The lamb misus'd
breeds public strife,
And yet forgives
the butcher's knife.
The bat that
flits at close of eve
Has left the
brain that won't believe.
The owl that
calls upon the night
Speaks the
unbeliever's fright.
He who shall
hurt the little wren
Shall never
be belov'd by men.
He who the
ox to wrath has mov'd
Shall never
be by woman lov'd.
The wanton
boy that kills the fly
Shall feel
the spider's enmity.
He who torments
the chafer's sprite
Weaves a bower
in endless night.
The caterpillar
on the leaf
Repeats to
thee thy mother's grief.
Kill not the
moth nor butterfly,
For the last
judgment draweth nigh.
He who shall
train the horse to war
Shall never
pass the polar bar.
The beggar's
dog and widow's cat,
Feed them
and thou wilt grow fat.
The gnat that
sings his summer's song
Poison gets
from slander's tongue.
The poison
of the snake and newt
Is the sweat
of envy's foot.
The poison
of the honey bee
Is the artist's
jealousy.
The prince's
robes and beggar's rags
Are toadstools
on the miser's bags.
A truth that's
told with bad intent
Beats all
the lies you can invent.
It is right
it should be so;
Man was made
for joy and woe;
And when this
we rightly know,
Thro' the
world we safely go.
Joy and woe
are woven fine,
A clothing
for the soul divine.
Under every
grief and pine
Runs a joy
with silken twine.
The babe is
more than swaddling bands;
Throughout
all these human lands
Tools were
made, and born were hands,
Every farmer
understands.
Every tear
from every eye
Becomes a
babe in eternity;
This is caught
by females bright,
And return'd
to its own delight.
The bleat,
the bark, bellow, and roar,
Are waves
that beat on heaven's shore.
The babe that
weeps the rod beneath
Writes revenge
in realms of death.
The beggar's
rags, fluttering in air,
Does to rags
the heavens tear.
The soldier,
arm'd with sword and gun,
Palsied strikes
the summer's sun.
The poor man's
farthing is worth more
Than all the
old on Afric's shore.
One mite wrung
from the lab'rer's hands
Shall buy
and sell the miser's lands;
Or, if protected
from on high
Does that
whole nations sell and buy.
He who mocks
the infant's faith
Shall be mock'd
in age and death.
He who shall
teach the child to doubt
The rotting
grave shall ne'er get out.
He who respects
the infant's faith
Triumphs over
hell and death.
The child's
toys and the old man's reasons
Are the fruits
of the two seasons.
The questioner,
who sits so sly,
Shall never
know how to reply.
He who replies
to words of doubt
Doth put the
light of knowledge out.
The strongest
poison ever known.
Came from
Caesar's laurel crown.
Nought can
deform the human race
Like to the
armour's iron brace.
When gold
and gems adorn the plow,
To peaceful
arts shall envy bow.
A riddle,
or the cricket's cry,
Is to doubt
a fit reply.
The emmet's
inch and eagle's mile
Make lame
philosophy to smile.
He who doubts
from what he sees
Will ne'er
believe, do what you please.
If the sun
and moon should doubt,
They'd immediately
go out.
To be in a
passion you good may do,
But no good
if a passion is in you.
The whore
and gambler, by the state
Licensed,
build that nation's fate.
The harlot's
cry from street to street
Shall weave
old England's winding - sheet.
The winner's
shout, the loser's curse,
Dance before
dead England's hearse.
Every night
and every morn
Some to misery
are born,
Every morn
and every night
Some are born
to sweet delight.
Some are born
to sweet delight,
Some are born
to endless night.
We are led
to believe a lie
When we see
not thro' the eye,
Which was
born in a night to perish in a night,
When the soul
slept in beams of light.
God appears,
and God is light,
To those poor
souls who dwell in night;
But does a
human form display
To those who
dwell in realms of day.
Holy Thursday
'Twas on a
Holy Thursday, their innocent faces clean,
The children
walking two and two, in red and blue and green,
Grey headed
beadles walk'd before, with wands as white as snow,
Till unto
the high dome of Paul's they like Thames' waters flow.
O what a multitude
they seem'd, these flowers of London town!
Seated in
companies, they sit with radiance all their own.
The hum of
multitudes was there, but multitudes of lambs,
Thousands
of little boys and girls raising their innocent hands.
Now like a
mighty wind they raise to heaven the voice of song,
Or like harmonious
thunderings the seats of heaven among.
Beneath them
sit the aged men, wise guardians of the poor;
Then cherish
pity, lest you drive an angel from your door.</pre> <br>
Night
The sun descending
in the west,
The evening
star does shine;
The birds
are silent in their nest,
And I must
seek for mine.
The moon,
like a flower
In heaven's
high bower,
With silent
delight
Sits and smiles
on the night.
Farewell, green
fields and happy grove,
Where flocks
have took delight:
Where lambs
have nibbled, silent move
The feet of
angels bright;
Unseen they
pour blessing
And joy without
ceasing
On each bud
and blossom,
On each sleeping
bosom.
They look in
every thoughtless nest
Where birds
are cover'd warm;
They visit
caves of every beast,
To keep them
all from harm:
If they see
any weeping
That should
have been sleeping,
They pour
sleep on their head,
And sit down
by their bed.
When wolves
and tigers howl for prey,
They pitying
stand and weep,
Seeking to
drive their thirst away
And keep them
from the sheep.
But, if they
rush dreadful,
The angels,
most heedful,
Receive each
mild spirit,
New worlds
to inherit.
And there the
lion's ruddy eyes
Shall flow
with tears of gold:
And pitying
the tender cries,
And walking
round the fold:
Saying, 'Wrath
by His meekness,
And, by His
health, sickness,
Are driven
away
From our immortal
day.
'And now beside
thee, bleating lamb,
I can lie
down and sleep,
Or think on
Him who bore thy name,
Graze after
thee, and weep.
For, wash'd
in life's river,
My bright
mane for ever
Shall shine
like the gold
As I guard
o'er the fold.'
Nurse's Song
When the voices
of children are heard on the green,
And laughing
is heard on the hill,
My heart is
at rest within my breast,
And everything
else is still.
'Then come
home, my children, the sun is gone down,
And the dews
of night arise;
Come, come,
leave off play, and let us away
Till the morning
appears in the skies'.
'No, no, let
us play, for it is yet day,
And we cannot
go to sleep;
Besides, in
the sky the little birds fly,
And the hills
are all cover'd with sheep.'
'Well, well,
go and play till the light fades away,
And then go
home to bed.'
The little
ones leaped and shouted and laugh'd
And all the
hills echoed.
Reeds Of Innocence
Piping down
the valleys wild,
Piping songs
of pleasant glee,
On a cloud
I saw a child,
And he laughing
said to me:
'Pipe a song
about a Lamb!'
So I piped
with merry cheer.
'Piper, pipe
that song again;'
So I piped:
he wept to hear.
'Drop thy pipe,
thy happy pipe;
Sing thy songs
of happy cheer!;
So I sung
the same again,
While he wept
with joy to hear.
'Piper, sit
thee down and write
In a book
that all may read.'
So he vanish'd
from my sight;
And I pluck'd
a hollow reed,
And I made
a rural pen,
And I stain'd
the water clear,
And I wrote
my happy songs
Every child
may joy to hear.
Song
Fresh from
the dewy hill, the merry year
Smiles on
my head and mounts his flaming car;
Round my young
brows the laurel wreathes a shade,
And rising
glories beam around my head.
My feet are
wing'd, while o'er the dewy lawn,
I meet my
maiden risen like the morn:
Oh bless those
holy feet, like angel's feet;
Oh bless those
limbs, beaming with heav'nly light.
Like as an
angel glitt'ring in the sky
In times of
innocence and holy joy;
The joyful
shepherd stops his grateful song
To hear the
music of an angel's tongue.
So when she
speaks, the voice of heaven I hear;
So when we
walk, nothing impure comes near;
Each field
seems Eden, and each calm retreat,
Each village
seems the haunt of holy feet.
But that sweet
village where my black - ey'd maid
Closes her
eyes in sleep beneath night's shade,
Whene'er I
enter,
more than mortal fire
Burns in my
soul, and does my song inspire.
The Divine
Image
To Mercy, Pity,
Peace, and Love
All pray in
their distress;
And to these
virtues of delight
Return their
thankfulness.
For Mercy,
Pity, Peace, and Love
Is God, our
father dear,
And Mercy,
Pity, Peace, and Love
Is Man, his
child and care.
For Mercy has
a human heart,
Pity a human
face,
And Love,
the human form divine,
And Peace,
the human dress.
Then every
man, of every clime,
That prays
in his distress,
Prays to the
human form divine,
Love, Mercy,
Pity, Peace.
And all must
love the human form,
In heathen,
Turk, or Jew;
Where Mercy,
Love and Pity dwell,
There God
is dwelling too.
The Tiger
Tiger, tiger,
burning bright
In the forests
of the night,
What immortal
hand or eye
Could frame
thy fearful symmetry?
In what distant
deeps or skies
Burnt the
fire of thine eyes?
On what wings
dare he aspire?
What the hand
dare seize the fire?
And what shoulder
and what art
Could twist
the sinews of thy heart?
And, when
thy heart began to beat,
What dread
hand and what dread feet?
What the hammer?
What the chain?
In what furnace
was thy brain?
What the anvil?
What dread grasp
Dare its deadly
terrors clasp?
When the stars
threw down their spears,
And water'd
heaven with their tears,
Did He smile
His work to see?
Did He who
made the lamb make thee?
Tiger, tiger,
burning bright,
In the forests
of the night,
What immortal
hand or eye
Dare frame
thy fearful symmetry?
To Spring
O thou with
dewy locks, who lookest down
Through the
clear windows of the morning, turn
Thine angel
eyes upon our western isle,
Which in full
choir hails thy approach, O Spring!
The hills tell
one another, and the listening
Valleys hear;
all our longing eyes are turn'd
Up to thy
bright pavillions: issue forth
And let thy
holy feet visit our clime!
Come o'er the
eastern hills, and let our winds
Kiss thy perfumed
garments; let us taste
Thy morn and
evening breath; scatter thy pearls
Upon our lovesick
land that mourns for thee.
O deck her
forth with thy fair fingers; pour
Thy soft kisses
on her bosom; and put
Thy golden
crown upon her languish'd head,
Whose modest
tresses are bound up for thee.
|